The total area of large public buildings is less than 4% of the total urban building area, but the total energy consumption accounts for 22% of the total electricity consumption of the country’s cities and towns, and the annual electricity consumption of the unit area of large public buildings reaches 70 to 300KWh, which is 10 to 20 times that of ordinary residential buildings. Public buildings are large energy-saving households and the main object of energy conservation, and doing a good job in energy-saving work in public buildings is of great significance to promoting and driving the energy-saving work of the whole society, achieving energy-saving and emission-reduction goals, and implementing the major strategy of “changing the mode and adjusting the structure”.
This article introduces the energy consumption monitoring system of a hospital in Xianyang City, collects the power meter of the on-site distribution room, communicates through the fieldbus and transmits it to the background after the instrument is networked in situ, and realizes the monitoring and analysis of the electricity consumption of the entire base through the Acre-5000 building energy consumption monitoring system.
01 引言
统计显示，我国建筑能耗约占全国总能耗的28%，在我国每年新建的20亿平方米建筑中，其中99%是高能耗建筑；而既有的建筑中，仅有4%采取了节能措施。大型公共建筑不但能耗密度高，而且能源浪费非常严重，具有巨大的节能空间，建筑节能的推广已经势在必行，节能降耗，计量先行。
Statistics show that China’s building energy consumption accounts for about 28% of the country’s total energy consumption, in China’s annual new 2 billion square meters of buildings, of which 99% are high-energy buildings; and in existing buildings, only 4% have taken energy-saving measures. Large public buildings not only have high energy consumption density, but also have a very serious energy waste, with a huge energy-saving space, the promotion of building energy conservation has become imperative, energy saving and consumption reduction, metering first.
大力开展绿色建筑行动，以绿色、循环、低碳理念指导城乡建设，有利于提高资源能源使用效率，减少资源能源供需紧张矛盾；有利于降低社会总能耗，减少污染物排放，确保完成节能减排任务;有利于推动建筑产业优化升级，培育节能环保、新能源等战略性新兴产业;有利于提高建筑健康性，提高群众生产生活条件。各级、各部门要把开展绿色建筑行动作为大力推进文明建设的重要内容，进一步增强责任感和紧迫感，统筹规划，狠抓落实，推动城乡建设走上绿色、循环、低碳的科学发展轨道，推动经济社会协调、可持续发展。
Vigorously carry out green building actions, with green, circular, low-carbon concepts to guide urban and rural construction, is conducive to improving the efficiency of resource and energy use, reducing the tension between supply and demand of resources and energy; is conducive to reducing the total energy consumption of society, reducing pollutant emissions, and ensuring the completion of energy conservation and emission reduction tasks; It is conducive to promoting the optimization and upgrading of the construction industry and cultivating strategic emerging industries such as energy conservation and environmental protection and new energy; It is conducive to improving the health of buildings and improving the production and living conditions of the masses.
All levels and departments should take the green building action as an important part of vigorously promoting the construction of civilization, further enhance the sense of responsibility and urgency, make overall planning, vigorously grasp the implementation, promote urban and rural construction to embark on a green, circular and low-carbon scientific development track, and promote economic and social coordination and sustainable development.
02 设计依据
GB-T 15587-2008 《工业企业能源管理导则》
《评价企业合理用电技术导则GB》
《企业节能规划编制通则》
《企业能源审计技术通则-GB》
GBT23331-2009《能源管理体系要求》
GB-50052-2009 《供配电系统设计规范》
GB-T 15587-2008 Guidelines for Energy Management of Industrial Enterprises
“Technical Guidelines for Evaluating the Rational Use of Electricity by Enterprises GB”
General Principles for the Preparation of Enterprise Energy Conservation Planning
General Principles of Enterprise Energy Audit Technology -GB
GBT23331-2009 Energy Management System Requirements
GB-50052-2009 Code for the Design of Power Supply and Distribution Systems
能耗计量装置国家及行业标准
DL/T 645-1997 多功能电能表通信规约
DL/T 645-2007 多功能电能表通信规约
CJ/T 188-2004 户用计量仪表数据传输技术条件
GB/T 19582-2008 基于Modbus协议的工业自动化 络规范
DL/T 645-1997 Multifunctional Energy Meter Communication Specification
DL/T 645-2007 Multifunctional Energy Meter Communication Specification
CJ/T 188-2004 Technical conditions for data transmission of household metering instruments
GB/T 19582-2008 Specification for Industrial Automation Networks Based on Modbus Protocol
03 项目概况
咸阳市某医院位于陕西省咸阳市秦都区陈杨寨，此项目共有一间变配电室，值班室位于配电室旁边。
本项目变配电室内共有96只安科瑞电气股份有限公司AMC系列多功能电表需要进行能耗监测。因此针对本项目的性质，设计一套能耗系统，并在值班室配置一台通讯管理机，对变配电室的电表进行数据采集。电表的数据采集后按照能耗分类分项原则进行分析展示。
本项目主要要解决基础能耗数据的智能化、自动化、可视化、可量化的收集与存储；建立能源管理平台、实现能源的集中化管理；深入分析能源消耗过程与趋势；建立能耗监测与公示平台。通过对此项目的用电统一综合管理，可以对各区域设备能源使用情况进行查询分析，帮助管理人员发现潜在的节能机会，提高能源利用效率，科学合理地管理能源使用，从而降低能源使用费用，为建立节约型社会发挥作用。
A hospital in Xianyang City, located in Chen Yangzhai, Qindu District, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, has a substation distribution room in this project, and the duty room is located next to the distribution room.
A total of 96 AMC series multi-functional meters of Ankerui Electric Co., Ltd. need to be monitored for energy consumption in the substation distribution room of this project. Therefore, in view of the nature of this project, a set of energy consumption system is designed, and a communication management machine is configured in the duty room to collect data from the meter in the substation distribution room. After the data collection of the meter, it is analyzed and displayed according to the principle of energy consumption classification.
This project mainly aims to solve the intelligent, automated, visualized and quantifiable collection and storage of basic energy consumption data; establish an energy management platform and realize centralized energy management; in-depth analysis of energy consumption processes and trends; and establish an energy consumption monitoring and publicity platform. Through the unified comprehensive management of electricity consumption in this project, the energy usage of equipment in various regions can be queried and analyzed, helping managers to find potential energy-saving opportunities, improve energy utilization efficiency, and scientifically and reasonably manage energy use, thereby reducing energy use costs and playing a role in establishing a conservation-oriented society.
04 系统架构
安科瑞Acrel-5000建筑能耗分析管理系统以工作站主机、通讯设备、测控单元为基本工具，为大型公共建筑的实时数据采集及远程管理提供了基础平台，它可以和其他楼宇自动化系统进行数据转发构成复杂的监控系统。该能耗系统主要采用分层分布式计算机 络结构，如系统结构图所示：
Acrystal Acre-5000 building energy consumption analysis and management system takes workstation host, communication equipment, measurement and control unit as the basic tool, providing a basic platform for real-time data acquisition and remote management of large public buildings, and it can forward data with other building automation systems to form a complex monitoring system. The energy consumption system mainly adopts a hierarchical distributed computer network structure, as shown in the system structure diagram:
系统结构图
05 系统软件模块
综合能耗主界面
反映建筑物当年用能各分类能耗和折算为标准煤的综合能耗，并计算得到单位面积能耗；
通过表计计量的主要为电能消耗，界面下方显示电能的当日逐时用能曲线；单击每个分类能耗的上部区域，可跳转到该分类能耗的用能分析主界面；
可通过下拉框切换建筑物，建筑物图片可根据项目要求替换；
Reflect the energy consumption of each classification of energy consumption of the building in the current year and convert it into a standard coal comprehensive energy consumption, and calculate the energy consumption per unit area;
The main metering through the meter is the power consumption, and the time-by-hour energy consumption curve of the electric energy is displayed at the bottom of the interface; click the upper area of each classified energy consumption to jump to the main interface of the energy analysis of the classified energy consumption;
Buildings can be switched by drop-down boxes, and building pictures can be replaced according to project requirements;
分类能耗主界面
反映某分类能耗（例如电）当日及昨日同期、当月及上月同期、当年及上年同期的用能及对比，增长百分比及增加值；
反映某分类能耗过去48小时、过去31天、过去12个月、过去3年的用能趋势；
反映某分项能耗的当月用能饼图；
反映某分类能耗当年各月用能同比分析图；
Reflect energy consumption and comparison, percentage increase and value added of energy consumption (e.g. electricity) on the same day and yesterday, the same period of the current month and the same period of the previous month, the same period of the current year and the same period of the previous year;
Reflect the energy consumption trend of a classification energy consumption in the past 48 hours, the past 31 days, the past 12 months, and the past 3 years;
Energy pie chart for the current month that reflects the energy consumption of a sub-item;
Reflect the year-on-year analysis chart of each monthly energy consumption of a classified energy consumption;
分类能耗支路用能统计 表
可灵活选择支路，并统计某段时间内支路用能的日、月、周、季、年用能；
通过透视表功能强大，用户可进行多种数据统计，并对数据进行组合排序；
统计数据可通过柱状图、点线图、堆积图、饼图等多种图表展示；
统计数据可导出至Excel；
You can flexibly select the branch road, and count the day, month, week, quarter and year energy of the branch energy use in a certain period of time;
Through the powerful function of the pivot table, users can perform a variety of data statistics and combine and sort the data;
Statistics can be displayed through histograms, dotted line charts, stacked charts, pie charts and other charts;
Statistics can be exported to Excel;
分类能耗支路非工作日用能
统计对各支路工作日和非工作日用能，非工作日可通过系统灵活设置
统计数据可导出至Excel；
Statistics on the branch working days and non-working days of energy use, non-working days can be flexibly set through the system
Statistics can be exported to Excel;
分类能耗支路同比分析
统计各支路当年每月用能及去年同期用能；
Statistics on the monthly energy consumption of each branch in the current year and the same period last year;
分类能耗支路用能集抄
查询各支路任意两个时间的表计读数，并计算出差值；
时间精度到分钟；
Query the meter readings of any two times in each branch and calculate the travel value;
Time accuracy to minutes;
分类能耗支路分时段用能趋势分析
可查询任一支路某段时间内的用能参数（例如电压、电流、功率、功率因数等），具体可查询的参数与安装的仪表和系统配置有关，查询时不可跨月；
数据以图表或表格的形式显示，图表可通过鼠标操作放大、缩小、移动；可对数据进行排序；
数据可导出至Excel;
The energy parameters of any branch can be queried within a certain period of time (such as voltage, current, power, power factor, etc.), and the specific queryable parameters are related to the installed instrument and system configuration, and the query cannot be cross-month;
The data is displayed in the form of charts or tables, which can be enlarged, reduced, and moved by mouse operations; the data can be sorted;
Data can be exported to Excel;
配置选项
依照相关技术规范配置建筑物的基本信息，例如：建筑功能、建筑面积、空调面积、建筑地址等，其中建筑面积等信息将用能单位面积能耗分析；
配置项目中使用的仪表的类型、型号、生产厂家等基本信息，并添加该型仪表所能提供的监测参数信息，此处配置情况影响能耗统计、分时段用能统计、参数查询功能；
配置项目中使用到的所有计量仪表，保存计量仪表的地址、变比、对应的采集器、代码、监测回路的名称等信息；
配置分项能耗统计时涉及到的计量表计、所占比例、运算方式等信息，可根据项目情况灵活配置，此处配置信息将影响各分类能耗分项用能分析小模块中的功能；
配置各部门用能对应的计量仪表、运算方式、所占比例以及部门用能计划，完成此项配置后将启用部门能耗分析功能模块；
配置建筑物中某用能区域对应的计量仪表、运算方式、所占比例，完成此项配置后将启用区域能耗分析功能模块
Configure the basic information of the building in accordance with the relevant technical specifications, such as: building function, building area, air conditioning area, building address, etc., of which the building area and other information will be analyzed for energy consumption per unit area;
Configure the basic information of the type, model, manufacturer and other basic information of the instrument used in the project, and add the monitoring parameter information that the instrument can provide, where the configuration affects the energy consumption statistics, time-sharing energy statistics, and parameter query functions;
Configure all metering instruments used in the project, and save the address, ratio, corresponding collector, code, name of the monitoring circuit and other information of the meter;
The meter, proportion, operation method and other information involved in configuring the sub-item energy consumption statistics can be flexibly configured according to the project situation, and the configuration information here will affect the functions in the sub-energy analysis sub-module of each classification of energy consumption;
Configure the metering instruments, calculation methods, proportions and departmental energy consumption plans corresponding to the energy consumption of each department, and after completing this configuration, the functional module of the energy consumption analysis function of the department will be enabled;
Configure the metering instrument, operation method, and proportion corresponding to an energy-using area in the building, and after completing this configuration, the regional energy consumption analysis function module will be enabled
06 系统建设的意义
6.1 计量装置设计安装 能效监测平台搭建
通过梳理用户的用能 络，在各配电回路设置电能计量表计，为该项目搭建完整的用能计量体系。管理人员就可以通过软件对项目内用电做实时的监控，同时能够减少用能的“跑、冒、滴、漏”和计量误差。实时监视现场仪表的回传数据，对能耗进行合理的管控和预警，及时发现并改正运行中存在的能耗异常，随时处理。按需设置重要设备的超标预警值，超标时醒目提醒并主动记录。
By combing the user’s energy network, the energy meter is set up in each distribution circuit to build a complete energy metering system for the project. Managers can use the software to monitor the electricity consumption in the project in real time, and at the same time reduce the “running, running, dripping, leaking” and measurement errors of energy consumption. Monitor the backhaul data of the on-site instrument in real time, carry out reasonable control and early warning of energy consumption, timely discover and correct the energy consumption abnormalities in operation, and deal with them at any time. Set the early warning value of important equipment exceeding the standard as needed, and give a prominent reminder and actively record when it exceeds the standard.
6.2 用能数据采集存储 形成可视化趋势图
通过软件可以直观的看到各部门或区域的每小时用能的趋势曲线图，同时对各仪表采集回来的数据进行实时存储，可以查询历史的数据记录。
Through the software, you can intuitively see the trend graph of hourly energy consumption in each department or region, and store the data collected by each instrument in real time, and you can query the historical data records.
6.3 确定高能耗范围 诊断形成高耗原因
统计各区域、各楼层能源消耗，准确定位能源消耗大户，制定节能绩效考核制度，推动节能降耗的合理执行。为用能主要设备建立运行记录档案，结合设备维护保养记录，为设备的运行维护提供依据。
Statistics on energy consumption in various regions and floors, accurately locate large energy consumers, formulate energy-saving performance appraisal systems, and promote the rational implementation of energy-saving and consumption-reduction。 Establish operation record files for the main equipment for energy use, combined with equipment maintenance records, to provide a basis for the operation and maintenance of equipment.
6.4 配置节能节电产品 改进运营管理模式
长期跟踪记录设备运行过程中的能效分析评估结果，关注用能走向，为节能改造提供可靠的数据支撑，在经过节能改造之后，根据能耗监测平台对比节能实施效果。
Long-term tracking and recording of energy efficiency analysis and evaluation results during the operation of the equipment, pay attention to the trend of energy use, provide reliable data support for energy-saving transformation, and compare the energy-saving implementation effect according to the energy-saving monitoring platform after energy-saving transformation.
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