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10. In the last few decades, scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earth’s climate — something previously seen as beyond our control.
最近几十年,科学家们达成共识并 道说,人类正在引起地球的气候变化—而这在以前看来是我们不能控制的。
本句是复合句,含有一个that引导的宾语从句,主句中运用了现在完成时。
1) reach (a) consensus 达成共识,达成一致意见
It is very difficult for them to reach a consensus on this issue.
他们在这个问题上很难取得一致意见。
2) beyond prep. 超过;越过;在…较远的一边
The delay was caused by heavy weather and was beyond our control.
延迟是由恶劣天气造成的,我们无法控制。
The beauty of the scene was beyond compare.
景色之美无与伦比。
Linda always wondered what was beyond the horizon.
琳达总是纳闷着地平线的那一边是什么。
现在完成时,具体用法参见第10句。
11. Treatments for jellyfish stings and snakebites have also beendeveloped and in the last five years there have been only three deaths from jellyfish stings and about the same number from snakebites.
治疗水母刺伤和毒蛇咬伤方法也已经研制成功,在过去的五年里只有三人死于水母刺伤,这与被蛇咬伤致死的人数大体相同。
本句是由并列连词and连接的复合句,第一个分句运用了现在完成时的被动语态。
develop v.开发,发展,研制(新产品)
Over the last few years tourism here has developed considerably.
在过去几年里,这里的旅游业获得了相当大的发展。
The two companies have teamed up to develop a new racing car.
那两个公司已合作研制新型赛车。
现在完成时的被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态的结构的叠合,即:has/have been done,表示“过去发生的动作对现在有影响或持续到现在,并且主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系”。常用的时间状语:for或since引导的时间状语及before, until now, up till now, so far, up to the moment, in the last few years等。如:
The office looks nice. It has just been cleaned.
办公室看起来很干净。它刚被打扫过。
The machine has been repaired for two hours.
这台机器已修了两小时了。
本句是由并列连词not only…but also连接的复合句,第一个分句运用了一般现在时的被动语态。
inform vt.通知,告知;构成短语:inform sb of sth通知某人某事
I shall inform yousoon ofthe date of my arrival.
我将把我到达的日期通知你。
I regret to inform you that I am unable to help you.
我遗憾地告诉你我没法帮助你。
一般现在时的被动语态的构成:is/are done。表示“现在经常性、习惯性的动作,并且主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系”。
A lot of food is wastedevery year.
每年浪费掉很多食物。
Millions of tons of waste and poisonous gases are sent into the air with the smoke. 数百万吨的废气和毒气随着烟尘散发到空中。
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