6小编今天为大家带来苏教译林版初中英语八年级下册第一单元到第三单元预习资料!
抓紧学起来!加油!
Unit 1
past n. 过去 adj.过去的
present n.现在,目前
just adv,刚才
used to (用于过去持续或经常发生的事)曾经
since conj.自…以来 prep.自…以来
ever adv. 曾经
northern adj. 北方,北部的
married adj. 已婚的,结婚的
wife n.(pl.wives) 妻子
block n.街区
over prep.在…期间
turn into 把…变成…
pollution n. 污染;污染物
factory n. 工厂
waste n.废料;废品
realize (=realise)vt.& vi.意识到;实现
improve vt.&vi. 改进,改善
situation n. 形势,情况
in some ways 在某种程度上
impossible adj. 不可能的
before adv.以前,过去
lonely adj. 孤独的,寂寞的
from time to time 不时,有时,偶尔
anyway adv. 尽管,即使这样
husband n. 丈夫
interview n. 采访;会见
all one’s life 一生
yet adv. 还,仍
recently adv.近来, 最近
environment n. 环境
transport n.交通车辆,运输工具
condition n. 环境,条件,状况
return vi. 返回
last adv.最近,上一次;最后
abroad adv. 到(在)国外
primary adj. 小学教育的;初级的
keep in touch 保持联系
communicate vt. &vi. 交流,交际
exactly adv.(答语)正是,没错
be used to 习惯于,适应于
get used to 习惯于,适应于
narrow adj. 狭窄的
open space n.开阔的空地
8B Unit1 电子课本
028B Unit1 知识梳理
【重点词组】
1.in the bowl an hour ago
一个小时之前在碗里的
2.used to do sth.过去常常做某事
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
3.do a history project on the changes in Beijing over the years
做个有关这些年北京的变化的历史调查
4.write a report on the changes in your home town
写一个有关你家乡的变化的 道
5.know about the different forms of transport
对不同形式的交通工具很了解
6.talk about transport at different times
讨论不同时期的交通工具
7.take turns to do sth.=do sth. by turns
轮流做某事
8.go to school by bike = ride a bike to school
骑自行车去学校
9.wait for the next one 等下一辆车
10.go to school by bus= take a bus to school= go to school on the bus 乘公交车去学校
11.interview sb. to get some information 为了得到些信息采访某人
12.know sunshine town very well 对阳光镇很了解
13.be born 出生
14.move house 搬家
15.in the northern part of town
在这个镇的西部
16.get married to sb.= marry sb.= be married to sb.
和某人结婚
17.marry sb. to sb. 把某人嫁给某人
18.move two blocks away
搬到两个街区以外
19.live in this area 住在这个地区
20.since then 自从那以后
since I was born/ since last Saturday/since three days ago
21.over the years 这些年
over the past century 在过去的几个世纪
22.in the town centre= in the centre of the town 在镇中心
23.turn/change/put sth. into 把某物变成某物
24.a steel factory 一个钢铁厂
25.put the waste into the river 把垃圾倒入河里
put down 记下
put away 收好
put on 穿上
put off 推迟、延期
26.take action to improve the situation
采取行动改善这种情况
27.in some ways 在某些方面
on the way (to ) 在……的路上
by the way 顺便说
no way 没门
in any way 无论如何
28.most of my old friends
大部分我的老朋友
29.move away 搬走/move to(into) another town
30.see each other as often as before
像以前一样经常看到对方
31.play cards and Chinese chess 打牌和下棋
32.feel a bit lonely 感到有点孤单
33.from time to time = at times = sometimes 有时
34.because of being alone 因为独自一人
35.a group of buildings with streets on all sides
街道两边全是高楼
on both sides/ on each side
36.interview sb.= have an interview with sb. 采访某人
37.all his life 整个他的一生
38.in the past 在过去
at present 现在
39.make some notes 做些笔记
40.waste sth. on sth./ sb.
浪费某物在某物/某人上
41.repair over ten bicycles
= repair more than ten bicycles
修理超过10辆自行车
42.teach sb. a lot about the history of China
教我很多有关中国的历史
43.talk about a film about the history of Beijing
讨论一个有关北京历史的影片
44.learn more about Beijing’s past and present
对北京的过去和现在了解更多
45.hear about/of 听说
hear from sb.= receive/ get one’s letter
=receive/get a letter of sb.
收到某人来信
46.living conditions 居住条件
47.return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人
48.go abroad 去国外
at home or abroad 在国内外
49.at primary school 在小学
50.keep in touch with each other 互相保持联系
51.make communication much easier
使得联系更容易
Communicate with sb.
和某人保持联系
52.take place发生(有目的有计划的)、举行
happen发生(偶然发生)
53.green hills all around
到处都是绿山
54.a river runs through the centre of town
一条小河穿过镇中心
55.get used to the changes of life
习惯了生活的变化
56.on one’s own = by oneself = alone 独自
57.throw rubbish 扔垃圾
58.in some large open spaces
在一些大的开阔的地方
59.move into new flats
搬到新公寓去
60.in their free time
在他们业余时间
61.travel around the town
在镇里转转
62.have their own cars= have cars of their own
有他们自己的汽车
63.use the new words to talk about my hometown
用些新词来讨论我的家乡
64.use facts to support my opinions
用事实来支持我的观点
【重点句型】
1.There were always too many people on the bus, and it took a long time to wait for the next one.
公共汽车上总是有太多的人,并且要花费很长时间等待下一趟。
2.It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.
对我们来说像以前一样经常见到彼此已经不可能。
3.Amazing changes have taken place in Sunshine Town.
Sunshine Town 已经发生了惊人的变化。
4.Local people used to live in old houses,but now,most of them have moved into new flats.
当地人过去常常居住在旧房子里,但是现在他们大多数已经搬到了新的公寓。
5.We mainly communicate by email.The Internet makes communication much easier.
我们主要通过电子邮件交流, 络使交流变得更加容易。
6.It is not easy to get used to the changes of life quickly.
习惯生活的快速变化是不容易的。
7.My uncle used to live in the city,but now he is used to living in the countryside.
我叔叔过去居住在城市,但现在他习惯于居住在乡下。
8.I have to spend more time on my homework than before.
比起以前我不得不花费更多的时间在我的家庭作业上。
【重点语法】
牛津英语八年级下册语法 unit1
1 现在完成时
开始于过去,持续或影响到现在。或多次动作的积累(不一定完成)
结构:havehas+p.p.
标志词:yet,never,since+pt,already,for+时段译为已经多长时间,recently.
2 现完与过去
现完强调持续与影响,时间段,过去只是过去时间点。
3 used
used to do sth 过去常常做某事,(过去某地有某物there used to be )
be used to doing 习惯于做某事
be used to do 被用来做某事
be used for (doing)sth 被用于(做)某事
be used as sth 被作为…用
4 justjust now
just 刚刚,用于现完,三类词后,行为动词前。Just now ,句末,用于过去时。
5 sincefor
since +过去时=for +时段
6 乘takeinonby
take(V) a the 工具to 地点
=go to 地点by+工具
=go to 地点 onin a( the) 工具
7
in some ways
in the way
on the way
by the way
in a way
in some ways 在某种程度上;
in the way 挡道;
on the way在去…的路上;
by the way 顺便问一下;
in a way 在某种程度上。
8 howeverbut
9 marry
marry 动词,marry sb(娶)嫁给某人。
marry sb to sb把某人许嫁给某人;
married adj be married 已婚的(长),
get married已婚的(短)
be (get) married to sb 与某人结婚(不用with)。
10 agobefore
ago用于一般过去时,
时段+before 用于现在完成时。
Since+时段+ago 用于现完。
11 a bit a little
a bit=a little +adjadv
a little +不可名=a bit of +不可名
not a bit一点儿不;not a liitle 很,非常
12 from…to相关
from day to day日复一日;
from mouth to mouth 广泛流传;
from bad to worth 每况愈下;
from top to bottom从头到尾;
from start to finish 自始自终;
from moning to night从早到晚
13 hear about of
hear about所听内容更细些
Hear of 听别人说过或提及 多可互换。
14 returnback
return to sp=get back to sp.
Return sth to sb 归还某人某物=give sth back to sb
15 abroad
at home and abroad
study abroad
go abroad
be abroad
from abroad (不能与at in on 连用)
16 独自
on one’s own =by oneself
17 spendpay costtake
sb. spend some time/money (in) doing sth./on sth.
sb. pay some money for sth.
sth. cost sb. some money.
It takes sb. some money to do sth.
18 take place happen
take place 有计划发生
Happen 偶然,多是不好的事
Sth happen to sb /sth take place (都无被动)
19 被动语态
当主语是动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。
结构为be+pp.(强:一感二听三让四看主动语态不带to ,被动语态还原to.)
His father made him do his homework for three hours.=He was made to do his homework for three ho
Unit 2
travelling n.<英>旅行 =<美>traveling
hey excl.嘿,喂
miss vt.想念,思念
fantastic adj. 极好的,美妙的
indoor adj.(在)室内的
roller coaster n.(游乐场的)过山车,环滑车
speed n. 速度
ride n. 乘坐(游乐设施)
cartoon n.卡通片, 动画片
character n.人物
such det.&pron. 这样的(人或物)
such as 例如
parade n.(庆祝) 游行
magic n. 魔法
pie n.派, 馅饼
feel vt.感觉到,意识到
couple n.两人,两件事物;几个人,几件事物
a couple of 一对;几个,几件
at the end of 在…末尾
castle n. 城堡
sand n.沙,沙滩
over adv.结束
marry vi.&vt. 结婚,嫁,娶
dead adj. 死的
beauty n.,美丽;美人
seaside adj. 海边的
theme park n. 主题公园
sailing n.帆船运动,航行
except prep.除了…以外
view n.景色,风景
mountain n.高山
business n. 公事;商业;生意
on business 出差
direct adj.直达的,直接的
flight n.航班;航行
point n.要点
detail n. 细节
delicious adj. 美味的,可口的
seafood n.海鲜
airport n. 机场
relative n.亲戚
8B Unit2 电子课本
028B Unit2 知识梳理
【词汇拓展】
1. beautiful adj. →beauty(n.) 美人,美丽
2. sail v. →sailing(n.) 帆船运动
3. fly v. →flight(n.) 航班
4. die v. →dead (adj.) 死的
5. direct adj. →directly(adv.)
6. indoor adj. →outdoor(反义词)
【重点词组】
1. go on a trip to… 到…作一次旅行
2. must be great fun 一定很有趣
3. take …out for a few days 带…出去几天
4. bring sth with sb 把…带在身边
5. come on 快点;加油
6. tourist attractions 旅游景点
7. a symbol of… …的象征
8. go skiing 去滑雪
9. go hiking 去远足
10. see the beautiful view 看美丽的风景
11. take photos 拍照
12. welcome to… 欢迎到…
13. write to sb 写信给…
14. have a fantastic time 玩得很高兴
15. the whole day 整天
16. by underground 乘地铁
17. at the entrance 在入口处
18. move at high speed 高速运行
19. a fast food restaurant 一家快餐店
20. be interested in 对…感兴趣
21. can’t stop taking photos 不停地拍照
22. a parade of Disney characters 迪斯尼人物的游行
23. later in the afternoon 下午晚些时候
24. the best part of the day 一天中最精彩的部分
25. wave to … 向…挥手致意
26. all the way 一路上
27. be like magic 像魔术一样
28. the great ‘Lion King’ show 精彩的狮王表演
29. buy some souvenirs 买一些纪念品
30. at the end of… 在…结束时
31. watch fireworks 观看烟火
32. look shiny and beautiful under the fireworks
在烟火映衬下看起来很闪亮
33. in all 一共,总计
34. an exciting trip 一次刺激的旅行
35. show sth to sb 把某物给某人看
36. a line of people 一队人
37. wait in line 排队等候
38. a meaningful experience 一次有意义的经历
39. a really delightful holiday 一次真得令人高兴的假日
40. colourful costumes 多姿多彩的服饰
41. a member of… …一名成员
42. travel to Shengzhen 到深圳旅游
43. all year around 全年
44. in the coming holiday 在即将到来的假日
45. take turns to do sth 依次/轮流做某事
46. plan to travel abroad 计划出国旅游
47. hope to do sth 希望做某事
48. wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事
49. fly to … 飞往某地
50. fresh air 新鲜的空气
51. pleasant weather 宜人的天气
52. places of interest 名胜古迹
53. the day of our trip to Hongkong 我们去香港旅游的日子
54. three and a half hours= three hours and a half 三个半小时
55. have a bird’s-eye view of Hongkong 鸟瞰香港的景色
56. a modern city of tall buildings with lights shining in the evening
一座高楼耸立、夜晚灯光闪烁的现代化城市
57. cultural centre 文化中心
【重点句型】
1. I’ve been there many times.
我已经去哪儿很多次了。
2.Let me take you out for a few days.
让我带你出去玩几天吧。
3.I don’t think it’ll be a holiday for me.
我认为这对我来说不是一个假期。
4.I couldn’t stop taking photos with them.
我不停地和他们一起拍照。
5.It must be fun. 那一定很有趣。
6.It’s a famous theme park and includes four different parks.
这是一个著名的主题公园,它包括四个不同的公园。
7.The children clapped and screamed with joy when they saw their favorite characters.
孩子们看见他们最喜爱的人物高兴的拍手尖叫。
8.The line of people outside Space Mountain was endless.
Space Mountain外面排队的人很多。
9.I can check it for you when I talk with my dad.
当我和爸爸谈过后,我可以为你核实一下。
10.The weather in Hong Kong was quite different from that in Beijing.
香港的天气和北京的相当不同。
11.It was really wonderful to have a bird’s-eye view of Hong Kong— a modern city of tall buildings with lights shining in the evening.
鸟瞰香港的景色真的非常漂亮一座高楼耸立、夜晚灯光闪烁的现代化城市
12.The castle looked shiny and beautiful under the fireworks.
城堡在烟火的照耀下闪闪发光非常漂亮。
13.The performers waved to people while they marched across the park,singing and dancing all the way.
表演者一路上又唱又跳的向人们挥着手穿过公园。
14.We were screaming and laughing through the whole ride.
我们在整个骑行过程中都在尖叫和笑。
15.My dad bought some stationery for my cousin.
我爸爸为堂弟买了一些文具。
16.They have never been to Hong Kong.
他们从来没有去过香港。
17.Kitty has gone to Hong Kong with her family.
Kitty和她的家人去北京了。
18.My cousin has been in Beijing for a month.
我的堂妹在北京已经一个月了。
19.Kitty has had her purse for a year.
Kitty的钱包已经买了一年了。
20.The lamb has been dead for quite some time.
这只羔羊去世有一段时间了。
21.My parents got married fifteen years ago.
我父母15年前结婚。
22. They have been married for more than fifteen years.
他们已经结婚超过15年了。
23.I have to return it because I have kept it for too long.
我必须把它归还因为我已经借了太长时间了。
24.The best part of the day was when the elephants took bananas from the visitors.
一天中最好的时候就是当大象从游客那拿香蕉的时。
【词句解析】
1.speed n. 速度
[点拨] at a speed of… 以……的速度
at top speed 以最高速
Our speed averaged out at 50 km an hour.
我们的平均速度是每小时50公里。
He drove at a speed of sixty miles per hour.
他以每小时60英里的速度开车。
[拓展] speed vt.& vi. 急行,加速,超速
speed up 加速 slow down 减速
We’d better speed up if we want to get there on time.
如果我们想准时到达那里,我们最好加快速度。
2.except,besides和except for
(1)except表示“除去,不包括”,指“从所提到的人或事物中除去,即从整体中除去一部分”,表示递减的概念,含义是否定的。
The company is open every day except Sundays.
除了周日,这家公司每天都营业。
You may drop in at any time except at noon.
除了中午,你任何时候来都可以。
(2)besides表示“除了……之外,还有……”,指“在整体中加入一部分”,表示递加的概念,含义是肯定的。
We all passed the exam besides Tom.
除了汤姆外,我们也都及格了。
(3)except for也表示“除……以外”,表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定,起部分修正主要意思的作用。
Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes.
除了几处语法错误外,你的作文写得很好。
3.have/has beento, have/has gone to和have/has been in
(1)have/has been to表示“去过某地(现在已经回来了)”。
They have been to Beijing twice.
他们去过北京两次了。
(2)have/has gone to表示“去某地了(说话时某人不在当地)”,指可能在去的路上,可能已在某地,也可能在回来的路上。
He has gone to Beijing. He will be back in two months.
他去北京了,两个月后回来。
(3)have/has been in 表示“在某地”。
He has been in Beijing for three weeks.
他已经在北京三周了。
4.die, dead,death和dying
(1)die是动词,意为“死,死亡”,是短暂性动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
My grandpa died two years ago.
我爷爷两年前去世了。
The old man died of cancer.
那位老人死于癌症。
(2)dead是形容词,意为“死了的,无生命的”,表示状态,可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。
The tree has been dead for ten years.
那棵树死了有十年了。
(3)death是名词,意为“死亡,去世”。
The memorial hall was built one year after his death.
他去世一年后,那座纪念馆建成了。
(4)dying 是die的现在分词形式,用作形容词,意为“垂死的,即将死去的”。
The poor dog had no food. It was dying.
那条可怜的狗没有食物,奄奄一息了。
5.for example和such as
(1)for example表示“例如”,一般只以同类人或事物中的“一个”为例,作插入语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中或句末。
Ball games, for example, have spread around the world.
例如,球类运动已经在世界各地传播开了。
(2)such as也表示“例如”,用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。
English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia and Canada.
许多国家都讲英语,例如澳大利亚和加拿大。
6.I don’t think it’ll be a holiday for me. 我认为这对于我来说将不是假期。
[点拨] 句型“I don’t think+宾语从句”是含有否定转移的主从复合句,意为“我认为……不……”。该句型的主语必须是第一人称;形式上否定主句,翻译时否定从句。
I don’t think it’s right to make such a hasty decision.
我认为如此仓促地作出决定是不正确的。
[拓展] (1)该句型改为反意疑问句时,必须以宾语从句为准进行变化,而且宾语从句要视为否定句,即把主句的don’t所表示的否定拉回到宾语从句中来,采取“前否后肯”的规则变化。
I don’t think you are right, are you?
我认为你是不对的,不是吗?
(2)有类似用法的动词还有believe, suppose, expect等。
I don’t suppose they will say sorry to her, will they?
我认为他们不会对她说对不起,是吧?
7.I ran after them and couldn’t stop taking photos. 我追赶他们,忍不住一直拍照。
[点拨] (1)can’t stop doing sth 意为“忍不住做某事”。类似结构有can’t help doing sth,意为“情不自禁地做某事”。
The mothercouldn’t stop crying when her son was saved.
当她的儿子被救时,妈妈忍不住哭了。
(2)take photos 拍照片; take a photo/photos of… 拍……的照片。
Some students are taking photos of the river.
一些学生正在拍那条河流的照片.
【重点语法】
现在完成时常见两种句型:
①主语+have/ has been+for短语
②Itis+一段时间+ since从句
例如:He has been in the League for three years.或It is three years since he joined the League. 他入团已三年了。
延续性动词和终止性动词的概念:
英语中,动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短,可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如:learn,work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live,stay等。
终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open,close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。
延续性动词的用法特征:
1.延续性动词可以用于现在完成时,其完成时态可与表示”段时间”的状语连用。表示”段时间”的短语有:fortwo years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。如:
I have learned English since I came here.
自从我来到这儿就学英语了。
2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的”点时间”状语连用。如:Itraind at eight yesterday morning.(误)r
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